| Instrument Type | Country / Jurisdiction | Initiative Name(s) | Region |
|---|---|---|---|
| ETS | European Union | EU ETS (Covers 27 member states, plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway) | Europe & Central Asia |
| ETS | United Kingdom | UK ETS | Europe & Central Asia |
| ETS | Switzerland | Switzerland ETS (Linked with EU ETS) | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Denmark | CO₂ Tax | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Finland | Carbon Tax on Fuels | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Iceland | Carbon Tax | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Ireland | Carbon Tax | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Latvia | Natural Resource Tax (CO₂ component) | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Norway | Carbon Tax | Europe & Central Asia |
| Carbon Tax | Sweden | Carbon Tax on Fuels | Europe & Central Asia |
| ETS | China (National) | China National ETS | East Asia & Pacific |
| ETS | China (Sub-National) | Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin ETS (Pilot Schemes) | East Asia & Pacific |
| ETS | Republic of Korea | Korea ETS (K-ETS) | East Asia & Pacific |
| ETS | New Zealand | New Zealand ETS | East Asia & Pacific |
| Carbon Tax | Japan | Tax for Climate Change Mitigation | East Asia & Pacific |
| Carbon Tax | Singapore | Carbon Tax | East Asia & Pacific |
| Carbon Tax | Australia (ACT, Victoria) | Sub-national taxes/levies (e.g., Victoria’s CO₂ Levy) | East Asia & Pacific |
| ETS | United States (Sub-National) | California Cap-and-Trade (Linked with Quebec) | North America |
| ETS | United States (Sub-National) | RGGI (Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative – Multiple US states) | North America |
| ETS | Canada (Sub-National) | Quebec Cap-and-Trade (Linked with California) | North America |
| ETS/Tax | Canada (National/Sub-National) | Federal Fuel Charge (Carbon Tax) & Output-Based Pricing System (OBPS) (ETS-like rules) | North America |
| Carbon Tax | Canada (Sub-National) | British Columbia (BC) Carbon Tax | North America |
| Carbon Tax | Canada (Sub-National) | Alberta Carbon Tax (Separate from TIER ETS) | North America |
| ETS | Mexico | Mexico ETS | Latin America & Caribbean |
| Carbon Tax | Mexico | Carbon Tax | Latin America & Caribbean |
| Carbon Tax | Chile | Green Tax (CO₂ component) | Latin America & Caribbean |
| Carbon Tax | Colombia | Carbon Tax | Latin America & Caribbean |
| Carbon Tax | Uruguay | CO₂ Tax on Fuels | Latin America & Caribbean |
| Carbon Tax | South Africa | South Africa Carbon Tax | Middle East & Africa |
| ETS | South Africa | South Africa ETS (Planned/Under development) | Middle East & Africa |
| Carbon Tax | Côte d’Ivoire | Carbon Tax (Implemented on industrial sources) | Middle East & Africa |
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